الطبيعة القانونية للاعمال المصرفية الاعتماد المصرفي انموذجا (دراسة مقارنة )

Abstract

Bank credits play a vital role in financing foreign trade, ensuring that import and export transactions are carried out securely through bank mediation, enhancing the confidence of commercial parties. The exporter knows that he will receive the value of his goods once if the terms of the credit are met, while importer knows that payment will not be made until these conditions are met. Bank credits are important in international trade, as they represent an ideal means of settling transactions between sellers and buyers and help reduce the financial risks arising from direct transactions between parties. With the development of trade, bank credits have become a key tool for guaranteeing the rights of both parties and achieving economic balance. The research raises many questions, including the concept of the bank credit contract, its various forms, and its resulting effects. This needs for a comparative study of commercial legislation in Iraq, Egypt, Jordan, and Algeria. The research also adopts a descriptive approach to clarify the nature and characteristics of bank credits. This research is divided into two sections: the first addresses the nature of bank credits, and the second examines the legal provisions and effects resulting from them. The research seeks to provide a clear vision of the role of bank credits in enhancing the stability of international trade and protecting the economic interests of the transacting parties in accordance with the legislation of various countries.